How can farmers help reduce nitrate runoff into water supplies?

Implementing crop rotation and cover cropping is an effective strategy for farmers to reduce nitrate runoff into water supplies. Crop rotation involves alternating the types of crops grown in a particular area over time, which can enhance soil health and structure. Diverse root systems and differing nutrient needs of various crops can help prevent nitrogen depletion in the soil and reduce the likelihood of excess nitrates leaching into nearby water sources.

Cover cropping involves planting crops that are not intended for harvest during off-seasons to protect and enrich the soil. These cover crops can absorb residual nitrates left in the soil, reduce erosion, and help to maintain soil moisture. By minimizing the amount of available nitrates that can runoff into water systems, these agricultural practices contribute significantly to improving water quality and preventing contamination from agricultural sources.