What are subsurface zones?

Subsurface zones refer to the various layers of soil and rock located beneath the Earth's surface. These layers play a critical role in environmental health as they influence groundwater movement, soil properties, and the overall geology of an area. Each layer can have different characteristics, such as soil composition, porosity, permeability, and water retention properties, which are important for understanding issues like contamination, water supply, and land use.

The concept of subsurface zones is vital for environmental assessments, as practitioners need to evaluate the conditions below ground level to address public health concerns, manage natural resources, and plan land uses effectively. Understanding these layers can inform decisions about construction, agriculture, and remediation of contaminated sites, emphasizing the importance of subsurface zones in various environmental health contexts.