What does water quality measure?

Water quality measures the condition of water and how it is affected by contaminants. This encompasses various physical, chemical, and biological characteristics that indicate the safety and cleanliness of water for human consumption, recreational activities, and ecological health. Assessing water quality involves looking at pollutants such as heavy metals, pathogens, nutrients (like nitrates and phosphates), and organic materials that can harm water systems.

Although the concentration of nutrients in water, temperature variations, and volume of water are relevant aspects in the context of water systems, they do not comprehensively define water quality. Water quality specifically focuses on how these factors, particularly contaminants, influence the overall safety and usability of water resources. Understanding water quality is crucial for public health, environmental sustainability, and effective water resource management.