What health risk is associated with the practice of geophagia?

Geophagia, the practice of consuming soil or earth, poses various health risks that encompass dental problems, intestinal infections, and nutritional imbalances.

Dental problems can arise as the gritty consistency of soil can wear down enamel, leading to decay and other oral health issues. The abrasive nature of soil particles can cause physical damage to teeth.

Intestinal infections are a significant risk, as soil can harbor a variety of pathogens, including bacteria, parasites, and viruses that can lead to gastrointestinal issues. Consuming contaminated soil can introduce these harmful microorganisms into the digestive system, resulting in illnesses.

Nutritional imbalances occur because individuals who practice geophagia may replace nutrient-rich foods with non-nutritive soil, leading to deficiencies in essential vitamins and minerals. The ingestion of soil does not contribute meaningful nutrition and can hinder the absorption of vital nutrients from other foods consumed.

Because all these health risks are associated with geophagia, the most accurate response is that all of the listed health issues can arise from this practice.