What is a common effect of lower hot water temperatures due to energy conservation?

The choice of increased risk of Legionella growth is correct because lower hot water temperatures can create conditions conducive to the survival and proliferation of this harmful bacterium. Legionella thrives in water temperatures between 68°F and 122°F, with a preference for around 95°F to 113°F. When hot water systems are maintained at lower temperatures for energy conservation purposes, particularly below 140°F, it can result in an environment where Legionella can flourish, posing significant health risks, especially to individuals with weakened immune systems.

Higher water temperatures are typically used to inhibit the growth of such pathogens, hence maintaining lower temperatures could lead to outbreaks of diseases such as Legionnaires' disease, which is associated with the inhalation of aerosols containing the bacteria. Therefore, it is crucial to balance energy saving measures with safety protocols in settings such as healthcare facilities, residential buildings, and other environments where water is stored and distributed.

While decreased energy consumption and reduced hospital costs may seem beneficial, these outcomes do not directly address the public health implications associated with the risk of pathogen growth. Improved bacteria filtration is also unrelated, as it pertains to removing contaminants rather than temperature control in water systems.