What is the main purpose of vaccination?

The primary purpose of vaccination is to induce immunity. Vaccines are designed to stimulate the immune system to recognize and respond to specific pathogens, such as viruses or bacteria. When a vaccine is administered, it introduces a harmless component or a weakened/inactivated form of the pathogen. This exposure triggers the immune system to produce antibodies and memory cells without causing the disease itself.

As a result, if a vaccinated individual is later exposed to the actual pathogen, their immune system is prepared to respond more quickly and effectively, thus significantly reducing the risk of illness. This process enhances the body's ability to fight off infections and provides long-lasting protection against specific diseases.

While there are other important aspects of public health related to vaccination, such as disease prevention and reducing transmission in the community, the fundamental goal of a vaccine is to build immunity. This foundational principle is what makes vaccination a critical tool in controlling infectious diseases.