What is the primary disease caused by Vibrio cholerae?

Vibrio cholerae is primarily known for causing cholera, a disease that is characterized by severe diarrhea. The bacterium releases a toxin that affects the intestines, leading to an increase in water secretion and a significant loss of fluids and electrolytes from the body. This can result in a rapid onset of watery diarrhea, which is often described as "rice-water" stool due to its appearance. If not treated promptly, the dehydration caused by the severe diarrhea associated with cholera can lead to serious complications, including shock and death.

In contrast, pneumonia, skin infections, and urinary tract infections are not associated with Vibrio cholerae. Pneumonia is primarily caused by bacteria like Streptococcus pneumoniae or viruses, while skin infections can result from various bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus. Urinary tract infections are frequently caused by Escherichia coli and other uropathogenic bacteria. Therefore, the unique association of Vibrio cholerae with severe diarrhea makes it clear that this is the primary disease caused by the pathogen.