Where is the saturated zone located?

The saturated zone is the area where all the pores and fractures in the soil and rock are completely filled with water. This zone is located below the water table, which is the top boundary of the saturated zone; it signifies the point at which the ground begins to be saturated with water. Understanding the structure of groundwater systems is essential as it plays a critical role in aquifer functioning, water supply, and environmental health.

In contrast, the areas above the water table contain both air and water in the pores; this is referred to as the unsaturated zone or vadose zone. Therefore, it's essential to delineate the saturated zone from regions where voids are not fully occupied by water, emphasizing its unique characteristics.

The presence of the saturated zone is vital for activities related to groundwater extraction, pollution monitoring, and sustainable water management, further illustrating its significance in environmental health practices.