Which method involves using a semipermeable membrane to purify water?

Reverse osmosis is a method that involves using a semipermeable membrane to purify water. This process works by applying pressure to water on one side of the membrane, allowing the water molecules to pass through while blocking larger molecules and impurities, such as salts and contaminants. This makes reverse osmosis highly effective for desalination and removing a wide range of pollutants from water, resulting in clean, purified water.

The semipermeable membrane is key to this method, as it selectively allows only certain sizes of molecules to pass through, effectively separating them from the water. The process is particularly useful in situations where water quality is compromised or when the goal is to produce high-quality drinking water.