Which of the following is a common method for pathogen elimination in water?

The selection of disinfection as a common method for pathogen elimination in water is well-founded, as disinfection specifically targets and neutralizes harmful microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, and protozoans. Disinfection processes are crucial for ensuring that water is safe for human consumption and use. Techniques such as chlorination, UV light treatment, and ozonation are typical methods used in various settings to effectively eliminate pathogens.

While filtration and coagulation are important processes in water treatment, their primary roles focus more on removing suspended particles and improving water clarity rather than specifically targeting pathogens. Filtration aids in the removal of sediment and larger microorganisms, while coagulation works to clump particles together for easier removal but does not directly kill pathogens.

Chlorination, while effective and widely used, is a specific type of disinfection method. It falls under the broader category of disinfection but does not encompass the entire scope of disinfection techniques available. Therefore, choosing disinfection reflects the general, overarching principle aimed at ensuring microbiological safety in water treatment.