Which of the following statements is true regarding nitrates in drinking water for infants?

The statement regarding nitrates in drinking water for infants that is true relates to the necessity of avoiding high levels of nitrates. High concentrations of nitrates in drinking water can lead to a condition known as methemoglobinemia or "blue baby syndrome," which interferes with the blood's ability to carry oxygen. Infants under six months of age are particularly vulnerable to this condition as their digestive systems are not fully mature, and they can convert nitrates into nitrites more readily than older children and adults. Therefore, it is crucial to ensure that any drinking water consumed by infants is tested for nitrate levels, and if those levels exceed safe drinking standards, that water should be avoided to protect the health of the infant.

In terms of context, boiling water does not reduce nitrate levels but can actually concentrate them, as the water evaporates. While some may believe that bottled water is a safer alternative, it may not always be true that bottled water has lower nitrate levels, and the potential harm is not necessarily greater compared to tap water. Thus, the emphasis on avoiding high nitrate levels specifically addresses the health risks associated with infant exposure.