Which parasite is known for causing congenital issues via transplacental transfer?

The parasite known for causing congenital issues via transplacental transfer is Toxoplasma. This protozoan parasite, often found in cat feces or undercooked meat, can cross the placenta from mother to fetus during pregnancy. If a woman becomes infected with Toxoplasma for the first time during her pregnancy, it can lead to severe health complications for the fetus, including birth defects, neurological issues, and other developmental problems.

The significance of Toxoplasma in this context is rooted in its lifecycle and the way it interacts with host organisms, particularly pregnant women. Transplacental transmission can occur during the first, second, or third trimester, with the risk of severe outcomes being more pronounced if infection occurs in the first trimester.

In contrast, Giardia and Entamoeba are primarily intestinal parasites and are not associated with congenital transmission. Tachyplasma is not recognized as a relevant parasite in this context, further confirming that Toxoplasma is the correct choice due to its established link to congenital issues through transplacental transfer.